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The Global Leader in
Residence and Citizenship by Investment

The Crypto Wealth Report

Henley & Partners’ inaugural publication for those following crypto assets and private wealth, and investment migration trends — whether global citizens, crypto investors, wealth managers, or private bankers. The report includes exclusive statistics on crypto and Bitcoin millionaires, centi-millionaires, and billionaires provided by global wealth intelligence firm New World Wealth, as well as insights from leading academics, industry experts, and crypto players. It also features Henley & Partners’ Crypto Adoption Index, which compares the best investment migration programs for crypto investors. Read the methodology here.

Digital world map and trading graph

To the Moon

Henley & Partners assesses the best investment migration program options for digital asset investors who want to craft a tailored portfolio of alternative residence permits and citizenships that protects both their lifestyle and wealth in these disruptive and volatile times.

Singapore

 

With its innovative ecosystem and supportive community, Singapore takes the leading position in the Crypto Adoption Index. The government cooperates closely with all actors — banks, businesses, and the public — for the optimal development of the national crypto sector, and the city-state’s crypto taxes are beneficial to individuals and investors alike, with no capital gains taxes.

Find out more about residence by investment in Singapore here.

 

1st Singapore

Percentage

83.67%

Score (Out of 60)

50.2

Public adoption
Public adoption
7.1
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
6.4
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
9.3
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
8.5
Economic factors
Economic factors
8.9
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
10.0
Switzerland

 

With a well-established crypto infrastructure, robust legal framework, and a reputation for privacy and security, Switzerland offers a unique blend of traditional financial strength and cutting-edge innovation, making it an attractive hub for wealth preservation and global mobility in the rapidly evolving world of cryptocurrencies.

Find out more about residence by investment in Switzerland here.

 

2nd Switzerland

Percentage

78.17%

Score (Out of 60)

46.9

Public adoption
Public adoption
3.9
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
9.2
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
8.7
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
8.4
Economic factors
Economic factors
8.6
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
8.1
UAE

 

The UAE stands out as a leading jurisdiction for crypto investors, with its strong public adoption score evidencing a vibrant interest in the crypto ecosystem. The Middle Eastern powerhouse also offers favorable tax policies and a high level of economic stability.

Find out more about residence by investment in the UAE here.

 

3rd UAE

Percentage

76.17%

Score (Out of 60)

45.7

Public adoption
Public adoption
7.1
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
5.9
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
8.7
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
5.6
Economic factors
Economic factors
8.4
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
10.0
Hong Kong

 

Hong Kong’s diverse and open approach to cryptocurrencies positions it as a favorable destination for a wide range of crypto enthusiasts. Its robust blockchain infrastructure and progressive regulatory framework make it a noteworthy consideration for individuals seeking to navigate the evolving cryptocurrency landscape while safeguarding their financial interests.

Find out more about residence by investment in Hong Kong here. 

 

4th Hong Kong

Percentage

76.00%

Score (Out of 60)

45.6

Public adoption
Public adoption
4.6
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
7.5
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
8.7
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
6.7
Economic factors
Economic factors
9.1
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
9.0
USA

 

As a global financial leader, the USA closes the Top 5 crypto-friendly jurisdictions offering investment migration programs. America’s robust infrastructure, thousands of crypto start-ups, and high public interest underpin the nation's role in driving blockchain advancements.

Find out more about residence by investment in the USA here. 

 

5th USA

Percentage

73.83%

Score (Out of 60)

44.3

Public adoption
Public adoption
6.3
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
9.6
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
6.7
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
7.7
Economic factors
Economic factors
8.2
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
5.8
Australia

 

Australia has been at the forefront of regulatory efforts to balance innovation and consumer protection, which has contributed to shaping the country's crypto ecosystem. The approach to the crypto industry “Down Under” is positive, with a strong focus on responsible innovation and consumer protection. 

Find out more about residence by investment in Australia here. 

 

6th Australia

Percentage

71.83%

Score (Out of 60)

43.1

Public adoption
Public adoption
5.1
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
9.2
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
8.7
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
8.0
Economic factors
Economic factors
8.0
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
4.1
UK

 

The UK’s innovation and technology landscape is underscored by extensive research institutions and a forward-looking approach to blockchain exploration. While its stable economy and clear taxation policies create an attractive investment climate, potential stakeholders should remain attuned to evolving regulations to maximize their crypto engagement benefits.

Find out more about residence by investment in the UK here. 

 

7th UK

Percentage

71.17%

Score (Out of 60)

42.7

Public adoption
Public adoption
5.5
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
7.7
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
10.0
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
6.4
Economic factors
Economic factors
7.6
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
5.5
Canada

 

Canada is considered crypto-friendly while maintaining a cautious stance. The country boasts a well-established infrastructure for cryptocurrency exchanges and is among the top 10 in terms of crypto adoption. However, its careful approach reflects the evolving trends and regulations in the dynamic crypto landscape.

Find out more about residence by investment in Canada here. 

 

8th Canada

Percentage

67.33%

Score (Out of 60)

40.4

Public adoption
Public adoption
5.1
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
9.3
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
5.3
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
7.4
Economic factors
Economic factors
8.1
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
5.2
Malta

 

Malta’s reputation as the “Blockchain Island” has been bolstered by government initiatives to foster innovation, attract blockchain businesses, and provide regulatory clarity. The economically stable Mediterranean island nation shows potential in infrastructure adoption and tax-friendliness, driven by its regulatory initiatives, but there is room for improvement in terms of public adoption.

Find out more about citizenship by naturalization in Malta here. 

 

9th Malta

Percentage

64.83%

Score (Out of 60)

38.9

Public adoption
Public adoption
3.6
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
5.4
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
8.0
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
6.6
Economic factors
Economic factors
7.5
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
7.8
Malaysia

 

As Malaysia explores the evolving cryptocurrency landscape, its government is in the early stages of creating a regulatory framework. The country’s burgeoning crypto community and the emergence of numerous start-ups highlight its potential to become a promising center for blockchain innovation in the Asian region.

Find out more about residence by investment in Malaysia here. 

 

10th Malaysia

Percentage

62.50%

Score (Out of 60)

37.5

Public adoption
Public adoption
2.6
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
4.8
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
8.0
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
6.4
Economic factors
Economic factors
7.6
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
8.1
Thailand

 

Thailand has established itself as a forward-looking jurisdiction with regulations that embrace innovation within the crypto sector. The country’s cultural openness further enhances its potential as a hub for cryptocurrency development. While Thailand has made significant strides in fostering a welcoming environment, there are ongoing discussions about refining and clarifying certain aspects of its regulatory framework to ensure continued growth.

Find out more about residence by investment in Thailand here.

 

11th Thailand

Percentage

61.67%

Score (Out of 60)

37.0

Public adoption
Public adoption
2.7
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
7.5
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
6.0
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
6.3
Economic factors
Economic factors
8.1
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
6.4
Netherlands

 

The Netherlands demonstrates a balanced interest in digital currencies, maintaining steady engagement in the crypto space. With a cautious yet growing infrastructure and a proactive stance towards fostering innovation and technology, the Netherlands showcases promising potential for sustained growth in its crypto landscape.

Find out more about residence by investment in the Netherlands here. 

 

12th Netherlands

Percentage

60.50%

Score (Out of 60)

36.3

Public adoption
Public adoption
2.4
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
3.8
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
7.3
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
7.3
Economic factors
Economic factors
8.1
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
7.4
Italy

 

Italy’s crypto ecosystem presents a mixed landscape, with areas of potential growth and challenges. While the number of crypto owners might be relatively high, the limited public interest suggests room for increased engagement. Additionally, a lack of clarity in terms of regulation and taxation poses potential hurdles, creating an environment that combines promise with uncertainties in the cryptocurrency space.

 

13th Italy

Percentage

58.00%

Score (Out of 60)

34.8

Public adoption
Public adoption
0.7
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
7.3
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
8.0
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
6.5
Economic factors
Economic factors
7.4
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
4.9
Antigua and Barbuda

 

Antigua and Barbuda’s innovative approach to technology, coupled with its reputation as a hub for online gaming and financial services, contributes to its interest in the blockchain industry. While crypto infrastructure is in its early stages, the presence of crypto ATMs and digital asset exchanges, as well as government-backed projects, signify the country’s gradual exploration of the technology’s potential.

Find out more about citizenship by investment in Antigua and Barbuda here. 

 

14th Antigua and Barbuda

Percentage

57.83%

Score (Out of 60)

34.7

Public adoption
Public adoption
3.1
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
2.8
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
6.7
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
7.4
Economic factors
Economic factors
6.3
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
8.4
Austria

 

Austria maintains a favorable stance towards digital currencies, as evidenced by the regulatory framework set up by its Financial Market Authority. However, the country’s historical inclination towards stability and regulation has led to a cautious approach within the cryptocurrency sector.

Find out more about residence by investment in Austria here.

 

15th Austria

Percentage

57.17%

Score (Out of 60)

34.3

Public adoption
Public adoption
1.7
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
5.4
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
7.3
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
5.3
Economic factors
Economic factors
8.0
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
6.6
New Zealand

 

New Zealand stands out as a pioneer by becoming the first country to support the option of crypto-salaries, showcasing its progressive stance in embracing emerging financial technologies. However, while this move demonstrates innovation, there are ongoing discussions about the regulatory considerations and potential implications associated with such practices.

Find out more about residence by investment in New Zealand here.

 

16th New Zealand

Percentage

57.00%

Score (Out of 60)

34.2

Public adoption
Public adoption
2.4
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
7.4
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
4.7
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
3.8
Economic factors
Economic factors
8.4
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
7.5
Monaco

 

Monaco, renowned for its prestigious status and upscale appeal, has been drawing interest in the realm of cryptocurrencies through its strategic initiatives. This convergence of luxury and digital advancements has piqued curiosity among individuals interested in exploring the potential of digital wealth within Monaco’s distinctive environment.

Find out more about residence by investment in Monaco here.

 

17th Monaco

Percentage

55.00%

Score (Out of 60)

33.0

Public adoption
Public adoption
0.3
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
7.5
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
3.3
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
5.2
Economic factors
Economic factors
7.5
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
9.2
Portugal

 

With an engaged community of crypto users and a commitment to fostering blockchain education, Portugal’s progressive approach aligns well with its emerging crypto infrastructure, marked by integration with banking systems and digital asset exchanges. Nevertheless, the relatively low number of government-supported initiatives and lack of regulatory clarity create opportunities for further advancement.

Find out more about residence by investment in Portugal here.

 

18th Portugal

Percentage

53.17%

Score (Out of 60)

31.9

Public adoption
Public adoption
2.3
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
6.3
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
4.7
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
4.9
Economic factors
Economic factors
7.0
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
6.7
Cyprus

 

Cyprus is considered a prime location for the fintech industry and a haven for pioneering blockchain start-ups. The Cypriot government is taking a very positive stance on digital currency and infrastructure for the growth of talent in this area.

Find out more about residence by investment in Cyprus here.

 

19th Cyprus

Percentage

52.67%

Score (Out of 60)

31.6

Public adoption
Public adoption
2.6
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
3.5
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
4.7
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
6.4
Economic factors
Economic factors
6.6
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
7.8
Mauritius

 

Mauritius, known for its proactive efforts to establish itself as a fintech hub, has embarked on initiatives to promote blockchain adoption and technological innovation. The Indian Ocean island nation scores highly in tax-friendliness, ranking third overall in this parameter.

Find out more about residence by investment in Mauritius here.

 

20th Mauritius

Percentage

51.50%

Score (Out of 60)

30.9

Public adoption
Public adoption
4.7
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
4.3
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
0.7
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
6.3
Economic factors
Economic factors
5.8
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
9.1
Luxembourg

 

Luxembourg enjoys a favorable financial reputation and offers an innovative environment for crypto investors, but public adoption of cryptocurrencies is low and tax rates are relatively high. While the country offers a conducive environment for financial activities, these factors may impact the widespread integration of cryptocurrencies among the general population.

Find out more about residence by investment in Luxembourg here.

 

21st Luxembourg

Percentage

51.33%

Score (Out of 60)

30.8

Public adoption
Public adoption
1.6
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
3.1
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
7.3
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
6.9
Economic factors
Economic factors
8.3
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
3.6
St. Kitts and Nevis

 

St. Kitts and Nevis has recently gained the reputation as a “go-to” jurisdiction among crypto investors. The dual-island nation offers crypto-friendly asset protection, pro-crypto banking, and a zero-tax policy.

Find out more about citizenship by investment in St. Kitts and Nevis here.

 

22nd St. Kitts and Nevis

Percentage

49.83%

Score (Out of 60)

29.9

Public adoption
Public adoption
2.2
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
5.1
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
4.0
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
5.0
Economic factors
Economic factors
5.3
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
8.3
Greece

 

Greece is displaying a developing interest in the cryptocurrency realm amid evolving economic dynamics, marked by educational initiatives aimed at fostering its emerging crypto landscape. While Greece has not yet implemented specific regulations for cryptocurrency taxation, its steps towards embracing digital assets reflect a notable shift in approach.

Find out more about residence by investment in Greece here.

 

23rd Greece

Percentage

48.17%

Score (Out of 60)

28.9

Public adoption
Public adoption
1.0
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
7.5
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
7.3
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
4.1
Economic factors
Economic factors
6.3
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
2.7
Türkiye

 

Türkiye’s interest in fostering innovation is evident through its engagement in various crypto-related activities, although certain regulatory measures, such as its ban on cryptocurrency payments, reflect a cautious stance. The country’s cryptocurrency landscape remains dynamic, with potential for growth and evolution in both adoption and regulation.

Find out more about citizenship by investment in Türkiye here. 

 

24th Türkiye

Percentage

45.83%

Score (Out of 60)

27.5

Public adoption
Public adoption
3.3
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
7.2
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
8.0
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
2.8
Economic factors
Economic factors
5.4
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
0.8
Montenegro

 

Montenegrin authorities recognize the high potential of cryptocurrency for the national economy and take strategic steps to attract investments and develop the country’s blockchain sector. Although Montenegro currently lacks legal regulation for cryptocurrency trading, there are indications that the government is contemplating drafting legal acts in this domain.

Find out more about residence by investment in Montenegro here.

 

25th Montenegro

Percentage

42.67%

Score (Out of 60)

25.6

Public adoption
Public adoption
0.9
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
3.8
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
3.3
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
5.3
Economic factors
Economic factors
6.1
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
6.2
Namibia

 

Namibia’s developing cryptocurrency landscape offers prospects for those inclined to embrace the digital future, even though the current innovation and technology infrastructure falls short of meeting comprehensive crypto requirements. The nation showcases robust government commitment and enthusiastic public support, reflecting its growing interest in the realm of cryptocurrencies.

Find out more about residence by investment in Namibia here.

 

26th Namibia

Percentage

41.33%

Score (Out of 60)

24.8

Public adoption
Public adoption
3.5
Infrastructure adoption
Infrastructure adoption
3.5
Innovation and technology
Innovation and technology
0.0
Regulatory environment
Regulatory environment
4.3
Economic factors
Economic factors
5.2
Tax-friendliness
Tax-friendliness
8.3

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